All the research
Long Covid Learning collects research from scientists worldwide and summarizes the findings to make takeaways more accessible to those outside the research community. Study summaries can be shared as links or images in messages and social media.
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Persistent systemic infection for months
In people who died of Covid, the virus was found in various tissues throughout the body, including the brain, as late as 230 days following the symptom onset of an acute infection. In some patients, the virus can cause systemic infection and persist in the body for months. Among the other affected organs and tissues are the heart and blood vessels, lungs and the respiratory system, muscles, skin, thyroid, esophagus, spleen, appendix, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, and womb.
In people who died of Covid, the virus was found in various tissues throughout the body, including the brain, as late as 230 days following the symptom onset of an acute infection.
In some patients, the virus can cause systemic infection and persist in the body for months. Among the other affected organs and tissues are the heart and blood vessels, lungs and the respiratory system, muscles, skin, thyroid, esophagus, spleen, appendix, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, and womb.
Source: SARS-CoV-2 infection and persistence in the human body and brain at autopsy | Nature
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Damage to multiple organs
59% of those with Long Covid — most of whom were not hospitalized at the time of infection — were found to have suffered organ damage (spanning heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and spleen) in a longitudinal and prospective study. Organ impairment and symptoms like fatigue, breathlessness and cognitive dysfunction continued to have high prevalence after 12 months, with significant impact on quality-of-life.
59% of those with Long Covid — most of whom were not hospitalized at the time of infection — were found to have suffered organ damage (spanning heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and spleen) in a longitudinal and prospective study.
Organ impairment and symptoms like fatigue, breathlessness and cognitive dysfunction continued to have high prevalence after 12 months, with significant impact on quality-of-life.
Source: Multi-organ impairment and Long COVID: a 1-year prospective, longitudinal cohort study | medRxiv
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Liver damage
Covid often causes liver damage, as confirmed by tests on two independent groups of hospitalized Covid patients and autopsy results from a third group. The susceptibility of the liver to damage suggests that the molecular changes leading to liver damage is not only a consequence of severe Covid but may also be present in patients with only mild Covid infections.
Covid often causes liver damage, as confirmed by tests on two independent groups of hospitalized Covid patients and autopsy results from a third group.
The susceptibility of the liver to damage suggests that the molecular changes leading to liver damage is not only a consequence of severe Covid but may also be present in patients with only mild Covid infections.
Source: Molecular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 liver tropism | Nature Metabolism
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Serious conditions in kids
After Covid infection, children have twice the risk of acute pulmonary embolisms (blood clots that move to the lungs), venous thromboembolic events (clotting in veins), and myocarditis or cardiomyopathy (inflammation of the heart). Rates of sudden kidney failure and type 1 diabetes are 20-30% higher.
After Covid infection, children have twice the risk of acute pulmonary embolisms (clots moving to the lungs), venous thromboembolic events (clotting in veins), and myocarditis or cardiomyopathy (inflammation of the heart).
Rates of sudden kidney failure and type 1 diabetes are 20-30% higher.
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Kidney failure
The risk of acute kidney injury doubles and there are multiple signs of kidney function decline after Covid infection regardless of whether patients were hospitalized.
The risk of acute kidney injury doubles and there are multiple signs of kidney function decline after Covid infection regardless of whether patients were hospitalized.
Source: Kidney Outcomes in Long COVID | American Society of Nephrology (asnjournals.org)
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Liver failure in kids
Mild cases of Covid in children can lead to hepatitis and acute liver failure. Biopsies from a previously healthy 3-year-old girl showed immune cells attacking the liver as part of the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, adding further evidence that Covid is responsible for the sharp increase in cases of hepatitis in kids.
Mild cases of Covid in children can lead to hepatitis and acute liver failure.
Biopsies from a previously healthy 3-year-old girl showed immune cells attacking the liver as part of the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, adding further evidence that Covid is responsible for the sharp increase in cases of hepatitis in kids.
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Hepatitis
SARS-CoV-2 may trigger autoimmune processes — T-cells attacking both the virus and the host's own cells — that may be involved in recent cases of hepatitis. Scientists identified mutations in SARS-CoV-2 that cause the virus's proteins to strongly resemble proteins belonging to the host (e.g., infected individuals).
SARS-CoV-2 may trigger autoimmune processes — T-cells attacking both the virus and the host's own cells — that may be involved in recent cases of hepatitis.
Scientists identified mutations in SARS-CoV-2 that cause the virus's proteins to strongly resemble proteins belonging to the host (e.g., infected individuals).
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